Convert micrograms of linear DNA to picomoles of ends. Essential for ligation calculations, end-labeling experiments, and molecular cloning.
This calculator converts the mass of linear DNA (in micrograms) to the number of picomoles of DNA ends. Since linear DNA has two ends, this is essential for calculating the correct amounts needed for ligation reactions and end-labeling experiments.
This calculator is useful when you need to:
Example input:
DNA Amount: 1 µg
DNA Length: 5000 bp
Volume: 20 µLResult: 615.38 pmol of ends (30.77 pmol/µL)
The calculation uses this formula:
pmol of ends = (µg × 2 × 10⁶) / (bp × 650)Where 650 g/mol is the average molecular weight of a DNA base pair, and 2 accounts for the two ends of linear DNA.
Q: Why multiply by 2?
A: Linear DNA molecules have two ends (5' and 3'), so we multiply by 2 to get the total picomoles of ends.
Q: What's the difference from total pmol of DNA?
A: This calculates pmol of ends (which is 2× the pmol of DNA molecules), useful for reactions that depend on end concentration like ligation.